Computed Tomography

Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique used for non-destructive materials testing of components. It is based on conventional X-ray testing and in that sense represents an extension of two-dimensional testing. By visualizing the component in three dimensions, CT allows the detection of internal structures without physically destroying them.  

The process of CT materials testing consists of several steps. First, the component to be inspected is rotated in the X-ray beam. The radiation penetrates the material and is absorbed to varying degrees by the different material densities and structures within the component. On the opposite side of the component is one or more detectors that measure the attenuated X-ray radiation. The detectors record the intensity of the radiation that has penetrated the component. As the component is rotated or moved through the CT scanner, a number of images, called projections, are taken. These data sets contain information about how the X-rays passed through the component. The many projections are processed with special algorithms to create a 3D reconstruction of the component. The software applies complex mathematical algorithms to visualize the internal structures. Analysis: The resulting 3D images allow a detailed examination of the internal structures of the component. Material defects such as cracks, voids, porosity, or inclusions can be detected, as well as internal geometries and defects.  

CT materials inspection is used in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, mechanical engineering, electronics, and many others, where thorough and non-destructive inspection of components is critical.