Metrology in X-ray testing

Challenges of metrology and measurement technology for industrial production  

Dimensional metrology and metrology face several challenges, including ensuring high accuracy and minimizing measurement uncertainty, adapting to complex geometries and materials, automating and integrating with manufacturing processes, efficiently collecting and processing data, providing fast measurements without sacrificing accuracy, developing cost-effective solutions, qualifying skilled personnel, complying with standards, and ensuring traceability of measurement results.    

Computed tomography (CT) is typically used in metrology when conventional measurement techniques reach their limits and certain features cannot be measured by other methods, or can only be measured with difficulty. CT is particularly useful in measuring features that require three-dimensional acquisition or that are hidden inside objects. CT can reveal complex internal structures of components or workpieces that are difficult to reach using conventional methods such as tactile measurement or optical profilometry. Examples include cavities, inclusions, internal holes or cast structures. 3D-printed parts in particular can have complex geometries and internal structures. CT can be used to comprehensively measure and analyze such parts to verify print quality and conformance to design data.    

Overall, CT enables non-destructive and highly accurate measurement of complex three-dimensional structures and internal features that are difficult or impossible to access using conventional measurement techniques. It is a valuable tool in dimensional metrology for special applications where accurate and comprehensive information about the internal structure of objects is required.  

Computed tomography has become a powerful tool in metrology and metrology because it provides nondestructive, high-resolution 3D images and enables comprehensive analysis of materials and components. Its ability to visualize complex internal structures and make precise measurements makes it a valuable tool in modern industry.  

Standards for dimensional metrology by CT   

There are several international norms and standards that govern the dimensional measurement of components using CT inspection. These standards specify how CT measurements should be performed, what procedures and techniques must be used, and how the results should be interpreted. In particular, VDI/VDE 2630: This series of guidelines issued by the Association of German Engineers (VDI) and the Association of German Electrical Engineers (VDE) covers various aspects of industrial computed tomography. Guideline VDI/VDE 2630 Sheet 1 contains general requirements for CT systems, while Sheets 2 through 4 cover specific topics such as measuring external and internal contours, analyzing defects and calibration.   

It is important to note that the application of the above standards depends on the specific application and requirements of the component being inspected. However, adherence to these standards ensures that CT testing is performed in a standardized and reliable manner and that measurement results are accurately evaluated. Before performing a CT test, it is advisable to consult the relevant standards and ensure that all requirements are met.    

As there are high demands on the test equipment associated with these standards, it is highly recommended to have the design of a test system reviewed by a specialist company before implementation. VCxray has a team of application specialists that can assist with implementation.